Richard T Hamner, Steven H Stumpf, Questionnaire off puffing education, attitudes and practice in school college students in Honduras, Family unit members Routine, Frequency 18, Issue six, pra/18.six.627
Abstract
Strategies. A good a dozen-product questionnaire try given from the class to fifth and 6th levels youngsters. The main lead methods was in fact a conclusion out-of demographic issues, private smoking sense, experience with health problems, thinking from the using tobacco and identified sourced elements of advice.
Efficiency. All in all, 225 youngsters had been interviewed. The vast majority of was conscious puffing was damaging to fitness, and most advertised never having used. Extremely seen smoking because unsightly. Family and friends have been chosen because the biggest supply of advice.
Results. Youngsters in this field regarding Honduras know the health problems of puffing and watch puffing while the ugly.
Hamner RT and you may Stumpf SH. Questionnaire out-of smoking degree, thinking and exercise in school people during the Honduras. Members of the family Routine 2001; 18: 627–628.
Inclusion
The world is in the middle away from a cigarette smoking crisis because multinational tobacco companies check out the fresh new development industry to change diminishing locations from inside the developed places. step one It is predict one to in the basic quarter millennium, what amount of smokers increase because of the a 1 / 2 billion, as well as the amount of annual smoke-related deaths will more than multiple so you can 10 mil, with development countries distress the most effective effect. dos
Asia, the greatest economy to have cigarette, is actually “reported to be inside the an initial phase of one’s cigarette epidemic”. 3 Latin The united states possess lagged trailing China into the financial gains. Honduras is among the poorest regions on the western hemisphere. Lower than 1% out of to another country cigarette smoking conversion would be to Latin The usa inside 1988. 4 It’s been advised one to developing nations about earliest levels could be the really rewarding elements having precautionary measures. 5
One particular insidious aspect of the cigarette industry’s need to build long-title cigarette smokers is the need certainly to target and you will nut college students. six However, there is a lot details about for each capita smoking cost, there was a good paucity of data regarding college students in the development regions. Our very own review of the latest literature produced no equivalent typed studies out-of cig studies, attitudes and practice during the Latin american youngsters.
Methods
A get older-compatible, 12-item survey is made approaching cigarette smoking for the four domains: individual use; thought of fitness perception; concept sources of recommendations; and feeling from smoking. Other stuff built-up identity studies. The new survey is actually given to all or any of the students present in the latest fifth and you can sixth-grade kinds at all four schools located regarding the Los Pinos city during November 1996. Los Pinos is actually an impoverished area on the outskirts of the capital town of Tegucigalpa. Surveys were accomplished anonymously throughout the group date if you find yourself proctored by the investigators.
Results
A maximum of 225 surveys had been built-up. All of the offered research try checked out. There are all in all, 146 (59 male, 87 lady) fifth graders surveyed having a mean chronilogical age of eleven years; and you can 79 (29 male, forty-two women) sixth graders which have a hateful age several age. Questionnaire solutions dealing with the fresh five domains is claimed during the Desk 1 .
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Brand new solutions don’t differ ranging from amounts account and you may was indeed aggregated. Furthermore, the latest solutions to the questions into the sources of pointers was in fact the brand new exact same both for advantages and disadvantages out-of smoking, and therefore was shared. Because this represents the outcome from one or two separate concerns, just the percentages are part of the fresh dining table.
A good many students said that have never ever used and you can realized you to puffing was harmful to wellness. College students mostly saw puffing once the ugly and you can recognized family and friends just like the a primary way to obtain recommendations.
Talk
Few of the children interviewed claimed that have smoked. The new survey are unknown however, administerd about classroom, and sometimes towards the professor establish. This type of affairs possess led to students not revealing real smoking behaviour precisely.
The questionnaire results recommend that pre-adolescent school children from inside the Honduras know the health problems presented of the puffing. Although not, exposure good sense by yourself is apparently decreased to help you dissuade puffing. On the contrary, particular accounts tell you exposure feel to be directly, not inversely correlated in order to smoking rates within the youngsters. eight
It appears that most college students we surveyed have not learned so you’re able to user puffing with the glamour and you will machismo illustrated inside tobacco cigarette product sales, like this embodied within the ‘Marlboro Man’.
The new questionnaire suggests that family and friends try an essential provider of data. Similar results for sourced elements of information regarding ‘advantages’ in place of ‘disadvantages’ of puffing get portray the inability of one’s students to help you discriminate anywhere between such values. The data was limited to the art of school-old youngsters to check conceptual concepts, while making worthy of judgments regarding the pros and cons off puffing.
The questionnaire shot try small. Our analysis are limited next of the not handling new proportion from children when you look at the Los Pinos which sit-in school, or even the portion of people signed up who have been indeed within the attendance at the time of new survey. And this the outcomes may only reflect the perceptions of pupils found in college or university and will never be generalizable to any or all out-of the youngsters in this region.
Experience with the united states along with records away from development places mean you to smoke taxes and societal wellness legislation try strong deterrents to smoking. 8 Inside 1987, smoking try blocked on strengthening of the Honduran Assistant regarding Health. During the 1988, a nationwide panel are molded to market puffing cessation and reduction.
It’s guaranteeing to track down you to definitely school children we surveyed in the Honduras are aware of the health problems with the smoking. We have to continue steadily to support the regulations in the developing places one to regulation features the newest puffing crisis. Particularly productive seems as steps that manage people out-of cigarette paign up against smoking normally defuse a community wellness day-bomb earlier becomes an overwhelming personal health crisis.